Vaccines for infectious bacterial and viral diseases of fish.

Shoaibe Hossain Talukder Shefa

Abstract

Infectious disease is still now one of the key threats to the sustainable development of aquaculture and fisheries in the world. The recent expansion of aquaculture system has increased the chances of the infectious disease outbreak. This review was conducted to investigate the available vaccines for infectious bacterial and viral diseases of fish in aquaculture to cope with the emerging and re-emerging diseases. Information was collected from different secondary sources related to this topic. Investigation reveals that vaccination has become the most accepted disease control approach over the world and the vaccine production strategy has been turned into a large pharmaceutical industry with the expansion of aquaculture. Currently, available fish vaccines are empirically designed live attenuated and inactivated whole cell vaccines. Novel advances in fish immunology, biotechnology, and molecular biology have led to the development of effective new generation vaccines like DNA Vaccines, subunit vaccines, Nano-vaccines, edible plant vaccines and many others. Bacterial vaccines have gained considerable success compared to viral vaccines in recent years because bacteria vaccines are more effective than viral vaccines.