The availability, affordability and consumption of fruits and vegetables in 18 countries across income levels: Findings from the prospective urban rural epidemiology (PURE) study

Victoria Miller

Abstract

Several international guidelines recommend the consumption of two servings of fruits and three servings of vegetables per day, but their intake is assumed to be low worldwide. We aimed to work out the extent to which such low intake is said to availability and affordability. We assessed fruit and vegetable consumption using data from country-specific, validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires within the prospective urban rural epidemiology (PURE) study, which enrolled participants. We documented household income data from participants in these communities; we also recorded the range and non-sale prices of fruits and vegetables from grocery stores and market places