Kogawa AC
Abstract
Introduction Cefazolin sodium (CFZ), a β-lactam antimicrobial of the first generation, is commercially available as powder for injection solution. It has high antibacterial activity, demonstrates activity against some species of Enterobacter and can be administered less frequently because of its longer half-life. Its efficacy as a therapeutic agent is well recognized, which makes it preferred among this group cephalosporins. Its mechanism of action stems from the inhibition of cell wall synthesis in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, similar to penicillin, since they have structural similarities. Some advantages of CFZ (Figure 1) include: (i) efficient penetration of the bacterial cell wall, (ii) a broad spectrum of activity, (iii) extensive tissue penetration, (iv) a high intrinsic activity against the bacterial cell targets, (v) resistance to bacterial enzyme degradation, (vi) very low toxicity, (vii) low degree of serum protein binding and (viii) metabolic stability. Figure 1: Cefazolin sodium chemical structure. Cefazolin sodium has some analytical methodologies described in official compendia such as British Pharmacopeia, European Pharmacopeia , Japanese Pharmacopeia, Portuguese Pharmacopeia and US Pharmacopeia. Some analytical methods in the literature for analysis of cephalosporins include spectrophotometry, high performance liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, fluorimetry, polarography and titrimetry. CFZ is highly researched and researched in the area of antimicrobial activity, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. However, it has few studies about analytical methods. Thus, researches involving methods of analysis are very important and relevant to ensure the quality of the marketed product. This paper aims to validate and evaluate the equivalence of three methods by titration for quantification of CFZ in pharmaceutical product.