Persistent Preformed Donor-Specific Antibodies and Clinical Risks of de novo Donor-Specific Antibody Development after Kidney Transplantation

Shigeru Satoh, Nobuhiro Fujiya

Abstract

Methods used to identify alloantibodies have become increasingly more sensitive and specific over time, evolving from complement-dependent cytotoxicity crossmatch (CDCXM), flow cytometry crossmatch (FCXM), and solid phase assays performed using Luminex platforms.