Sadhana Sathaye, Sameer Sathay
Abstract
Throughout the ages man has moved towards smaller and sleeker technology. The ideas stated in Richard Feynmanﾃ窶堙や冱 classic of the late 1950s ﾃ窶堙や弋here is plenty of room at the bottomﾃ窶堙や are finally materializing under the name of ﾃ窶堙や朗anotechnologyﾃ窶堙や. Nanocomputing is a major aspect of this new advancement. Nanocomputing essentially involves carrying out computational functions, which are presently being carried out on micro scale, on a much more compact and sophisticated nanoscale. Concepts of electrical and electronic engineering, quantum mechanics and other related fields are applied to different molecular entities. The tremendous storage and processing capabilities of biological molecules such as DNA, RNA are harnessed. Organic molecules such as Rotaxane and polyphenylene are also used owing to the special characteristics offered by them. In this paper, we analyze the some of the most striking methods of fabrication of various basic electronic and computational entities such as logic gates, flip-flops, and rectifying diodes can be achieved at the molecular level making use of individual molecules themselves, as hardware. Finally, we review the various possible applications of these ﾃ窶堙や朗anocomputersﾃ窶堙や in fields right from developing cellular robots to preventing environmental pollution.