Research Article
Kalil MA
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease, which is thought to be one of the major public health problems in the world. The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis is the topic of contemporary research. For most satisfactory outcome rheumatoid arthritis should be treated in early stage. Nevertheless, in spite of new progresses in rheumatoid arthritis medical therapy, their treatment still denotes an unmet medical requirement because of safety and efficacy anxieties through presently prescribed medications. The Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and Glucocorticoids (GC) are employed respectively for the symptomatic and local therapy of rheumatoid arthritis. However the Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and B cells have received increased interest resulting in numerous novel therapeutics. B-cell depletion agent (rituximab), Tumor Necrosis Factor-α inhibitors (etanercept, infliximab, and adalimumab), Interleukin-6 receptor blocker (tocilizumab), and T-cell co-stimulatory blocker (abatacept) are current biologics which are used as Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) for the basic treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Future treatments are consist of biosimilars, alternative Tumor Necrosis Factor-α inhibitors (golimumab and certolizumab), and kinase inhibitors (tofacitinib and fostamatinib).