Original Articles
Kaoutar EL Amrani, Mohammed Ba
Abstract
Many aromatic, medicinal and other plants possess potent phytotherapeutic, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, leading scientific researchers to use them in many fields such as medicine, pharmacy, cosmetics and agriculture. Currently, bacterial resistance to antibiotics and the toxicity of synthetic antioxidants have led researchers to take an interest in the plant world given the richness of some plants in natural antioxidants. It is in this objective that our choice is focused on Lavandula stoechas L., known for its benefits then our work is to valorize this plant by demonstrating and determining its biological properties. The studied plant is harvested in two different Moulay Idriss zarhoun and ouazzane regions then extracted by hydrodistillation. The volatile fraction obtained by hydrodistillation was analyzed by coupling GC-MS and its chemical composition was determined. The essential oil consists mainly of 1,8-cineole, Fenchone, d-camphor, bornyl acetate and myrtenyl acetate. The antioxidant activity of the various essential oils was evaluated by the DPPH radical reduction method (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl). The results obtained showed the existence of an antioxidant activity of the essential oil of the leaves against it is less important than the flowers. The antimicrobial power of lavandula essential oils was tested on six bacterial strains: two Gram-positive strains (Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus), four Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae) and a yeast Candida albicans. This test shows that the essential oils have a powerful effect, especially the oil of the leaves of Ouazzane on S. aureus and Acinetobacter boumanni, with a diameter of inhibition up to 24, 22mm. Other oils showed moderate antibacterial activity against Gram (-) and Gram (+) bacteria.