Iatrogenic Injury to the Superior Vena Cava and Brachiocephalic Vein

Jiri Herman, Petr Bachleda, Ma

Abstract

We report two serious complications related to cannulation and angioplasty of the central venous system. In patient 1, superior vena cava rupture occurred in an attempt to dilate a stenosis; in patient 2, perforation of the brachiocephalic vein occurred during the placement of a dialysis catheter. These rare complications are mostly fatal. Our two female patients were treated surgically and both survived despite major blood loss. Early detection of venous system perforation and immediate treatment are of crucial importance.