Original Articles
Irmanida Batubara*, Suminar Se
Abstract
Soursop leaves contain various compounds that have biological activity such as kaempferol as anticancer. Twelve extraction techniques were performed to obtain the best extraction technique to get high kaempferol content on Soursop leaves extracts. The dried Soursop leaves powder was extracted with different solvent and different technique such as maceration, sonication, reflux, and soxhletation. The yield of extract, toxicity against Artemia salina larvae, total phenols, total flavonoids, total tannin, and thin layer chromatography profile of all extracts were determined. Total phenol and total flavonoids content were determined by spectroscopy, while total tannin content was determined by titration method. The results showed that the yields of extracts werevarying from 4.09 – 18.64%. All extracts were toxic since they showed LC50 value less than 1000 ppm. Tannin content on the extracts was varying from 3.78 – 7.59%, phenolic content from 6.16 – 16.44%, and flavonoid content from 0.63 – 10.25%. The extract with high content of total phenols and total flavonoids, low of tannin content, and low spot intensity on thin layer chromatograph was selected for high performance liquid chromatography analysis. Sonication extraction of n-hexane residues was chosen as the best extraction technique for kaempferol isolation from the Soursop leaves with kaempferol content of 1.22%. In addition to high content of kaempferol, sonication was chosen due to the highest yield of extraction, the shortest extraction time and the least impurities.