Consequences of Replacing Fish Oil with Vegetable Oils in Fish

Ayisi CL, Zhao Jl, Apraku A

Abstract

Due to the continuous demand for aquatic products such as fish and shellfish coupled with the continuous expansion of aquaculture there is the need for better and sustainable feed. However, fish oil which is used traditionally as the main lipid source has seen a reduction in its production hence stakeholders seeking for a new suitable lipid source to be used in place of the traditional fish oil. In this study we review the impact vegetable oils have on growth and feed utilization of economically important fish species. Also we report on how vegetable oils when used in place of fish oil affect immune system and health of fish as well as the proximate composition and fatty acids. Finally we look at how it affects lipid metabolism related genes in fish. This paper documents that using vegetable in place of fish oil has the tendency of increasing aquaculture production as well as maximizing profit. It is clear from studies conducted so far that different vegetables such as palm oil, coconut oil, sunflower oil and a host of other plant based oils can be used in place of fish oil without any compromise on growth even though it modifies the fatty acid and body composition to some extent.