Long VT
Abstract
A Pheromone-Based Bees Algorithm (PBA) is employed to optimize the key component sizes and control strategy for parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicles (parallel HEVs) presented. The Basic Bees Algorithm (BBA) is an intelligent optimization tool mimicking the food foraging behavior of honey bees. In this research, however, a new version of BBA which uses pheromones, chemical substances secreted by bees and other insects into their environment, enabling them to communicate with other members of their own species, is applied. The PBA employs the pheromone to attract bees to explore the promising regions of the search space, and the parallel HEV configuration and an Electric Assist Control Strategy are used to formulate the research. The value of the key component size and control strategy parameters is adjusted according to PBA to obtain the minimization of weighted sum of Fuel Consumption (FC) and emissions while vehicle performance that satisfy the PNGV constraints. In this research, ADVISOR software has been used as the simulation tool, and driving cycles, FTP, ECE-EUDC and UDDS, are employed to evaluate FC, emissions and dynamic performances. Following a description of the algorithm, the paper shows the results obtained for the simultaneous optimization of key component sizes and control strategy for parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicles. The results prove that PBA is a strong algorithm for determining the optimal parameters of component sizes and control strategy resulting in improvement of FC and emissions without sacrificing vehicle performance. Compared to BBA, the new version, PBA, showed an improvement of about 25% in convergence speed with the nearly same results of optimization targets.