Review Article
Gokarneshan N
Abstract
The article critically reviews the recent trends in nano finishing of protein fibres such as wool an silk. The finishing methods adopt an eco-friendly approach aimed at sustainability. Plasma treatment as an environmentally friendly process was used to prepare Wool/PET fabric for enhanced deposition of titanium dioxide nanoparticles. TiO2 nanoparticles were stabilized on the fabric using citric acid as cross linking agent in the presence of sodium hypophosphite by a pad-dry-cure process. Wool fabrics are subjected to different surface modification methods in order to improve their hydrophilicity, dyeability, antimicrobial, shrink proofing properties. Especially environmental friendly methods and application of biopolymers are gaining importance instead of conventional processes and textile chemicals. Silver nano particles have been applied on silk using cross linking binders by pad dry cure method. Application parameters have been optimized and relevant physical, structural and antimicrobial properties are evaluated. Mechanism of the binder action is found to be impregnation or adhesion. a novel functionalization approach has been addressed by using sodium alginate (Na-Alg) assisted green silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on traditional “Rajshahi silk” fabric via an exhaustive method. The synthesized nanoparticles and coated silk fabrics were characterized by different techniques, including ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis spectra), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), which demonstrated that AgNPs with an average size of 6–10 nm were consistently deposited in the fabric surface under optimized conditions. Recent developments in different treatments that confer functional characteristics on wool have been reviewed. Wool fabrics are subjected to different surface modification methods in order to improve their hydrophilicity, dyeability, antimicrobial, shrink proofing properties. Especially environmental friendly methods and application of biopolymers are gaining importance instead of conventional processes and textile chemicals. In this study, nano chitosan particles were synthesized, applied on wool fabrics and compared with bulk chitosan in terms of various properties. Agloaded chitosan nanoparticles was also synthesized and examined in terms of its antibacterial activity by different application methods.